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final-qibotn/src/qibotn/MPSContractionHelper.py
2023-08-15 16:03:39 +08:00

128 lines
5.8 KiB
Python

from cuquantum import contract, contract_path, CircuitToEinsum, tensor
class MPSContractionHelper:
"""
A helper class to compute various quantities for a given MPS.
Interleaved format is used to construct the input args for `cuquantum.contract`.
A concrete example on how the modes are populated for a 7-site MPS is provided below:
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
bra -----A-----B-----C-----D-----E-----F-----G-----
| | | | | | |
1| 3| 5| 7| 9| 11| 13|
| | | | | | |
ket -----a-----b-----c-----d-----e-----f-----g-----
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
The follwing compute quantities are supported:
- the norm of the MPS.
- the equivalent state vector from the MPS.
- the expectation value for a given operator.
- the equivalent state vector after multiplying an MPO to an MPS.
Note that for the nth MPS tensor (rank-3), the modes of the tensor are expected to be `(i,p,j)`
where i denotes the bonding mode with the (n-1)th tensor, p denotes the physical mode for the qubit and
j denotes the bonding mode with the (n+1)th tensor.
Args:
num_qubits: The number of qubits for the MPS.
"""
def __init__(self, num_qubits):
self.num_qubits = num_qubits
self.path_cache = {}
self.bra_modes = [(2*i, 2*i+1, 2*i+2) for i in range(num_qubits)]
offset = 2*num_qubits+1
self.ket_modes = [(i+offset, 2*i+1, i+1+offset) for i in range(num_qubits)]
def contract_norm(self, mps_tensors, options=None):
"""
Contract the corresponding tensor network to form the norm of the MPS.
Args:
mps_tensors: A list of rank-3 ndarray-like tensor objects.
The indices of the ith tensor are expected to be bonding index to the i-1 tensor,
the physical mode, and then the bonding index to the i+1th tensor.
options: Specify the contract and decompose options.
Returns:
The norm of the MPS.
"""
interleaved_inputs = []
for i, o in enumerate(mps_tensors):
interleaved_inputs.extend([o, self.bra_modes[i], o.conj(), self.ket_modes[i]])
interleaved_inputs.append([]) # output
return self._contract('norm', interleaved_inputs, options=options).real
def contract_state_vector(self, mps_tensors, options=None):
"""
Contract the corresponding tensor network to form the state vector representation of the MPS.
Args:
mps_tensors: A list of rank-3 ndarray-like tensor objects.
The indices of the ith tensor are expected to be bonding index to the i-1 tensor,
the physical mode, and then the bonding index to the i+1th tensor.
options: Specify the contract and decompose options.
Returns:
An ndarray-like object as the state vector.
"""
interleaved_inputs = []
for i, o in enumerate(mps_tensors):
interleaved_inputs.extend([o, self.bra_modes[i]])
output_modes = tuple([bra_modes[1] for bra_modes in self.bra_modes])
interleaved_inputs.append(output_modes) # output
return self._contract('sv', interleaved_inputs, options=options)
def contract_expectation(self, mps_tensors, operator, qubits, options=None, normalize=False):
"""
Contract the corresponding tensor network to form the state vector representation of the MPS.
Args:
mps_tensors: A list of rank-3 ndarray-like tensor objects.
The indices of the ith tensor are expected to be bonding index to the i-1 tensor,
the physical mode, and then the bonding index to the i+1th tensor.
operator: A ndarray-like tensor object.
The modes of the operator are expected to be output qubits followed by input qubits, e.g,
``A, B, a, b`` where `a, b` denotes the inputs and `A, B'` denotes the outputs.
qubits: A sequence of integers specifying the qubits that the operator is acting on.
options: Specify the contract and decompose options.
normalize: Whether to scale the expectation value by the normalization factor.
Returns:
An ndarray-like object as the state vector.
"""
interleaved_inputs = []
extra_mode = 3 * self.num_qubits + 2
operator_modes = [None] * len(qubits) + [self.bra_modes[q][1] for q in qubits]
qubits = [q for q in qubits]
for i, o in enumerate(mps_tensors):
interleaved_inputs.extend([o, self.bra_modes[i]])
k_modes = self.ket_modes[i]
if i in qubits:
k_modes = (k_modes[0], extra_mode, k_modes[2])
q = qubits.index(i)
operator_modes[q] = extra_mode # output modes
extra_mode += 1
interleaved_inputs.extend([o.conj(), k_modes])
interleaved_inputs.extend([operator, tuple(operator_modes)])
interleaved_inputs.append([]) # output
if normalize:
norm = self.contract_norm(mps_tensors, options=options)
else:
norm = 1
return self._contract(f'exp{qubits}', interleaved_inputs, options=options) / norm
def _contract(self, key, interleaved_inputs, options=None):
"""
Perform the contraction task given interleaved inputs. Path will be cached.
"""
if key not in self.path_cache:
self.path_cache[key] = contract_path(*interleaved_inputs, options=options)[0]
path = self.path_cache[key]
return contract(*interleaved_inputs, options=options, optimize={'path':path})